Amirkabir University of Technology Amirkabir Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2008-6032 52 12 2019 07 30 Mechanical Behavior of Temperature-Sensitive Hydrogel Considering Functionally Graded Characteristics Mechanical Behavior of Temperature-Sensitive Hydrogel Considering Functionally Graded Characteristics 3583 3594 3535 10.22060/mej.2019.16172.6294 FA Mohammad Shojaeifard School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran Mostafa Baghani دانشگاه تهران-مهندسی مکانیک Journal Article 2019 05 01 Hydrogels are 3 dimensional polymeric networks containing cross-linked chains which respond severely to the exterior stimuli and absorb a great amount of solution and swell. The functionally graded temperature-sensitive hydrogel is one of the most applicable materials to be used in the industry. Thus, to study the mechanical behavior of these materials, an energy density function is introduced which includes network stretch energy and mixing part. Considering the properties variation along the thickness direction, bending of functionally graded temperature-sensitive hydrogels is solved analytically under plane strain assumption. Verifying the presented analytical procedure, the results of this approach is compared with the outcomes of finite element method. To solve diverse problems by finite element method, UHYPER subroutine has been verified in the free-swelling problem. Next, the radius and stresses are studied by both methods for functionally graded temperature-sensitive hydrogels. Finally, according to the importance of factors such as semi-angle and bending curvature in industrial designs, these factors are investigated by changing the temperature in a range of 320 to 288 Kelvin. The continuity of the radial and tangential stresses field is the other reason for utilizing functionally graded hydrogels, while the multi-layer hydrogels do not have continuous stress fields. Hydrogels are 3 dimensional polymeric networks containing cross-linked chains which respond severely to the exterior stimuli and absorb a great amount of solution and swell. The functionally graded temperature-sensitive hydrogel is one of the most applicable materials to be used in the industry. Thus, to study the mechanical behavior of these materials, an energy density function is introduced which includes network stretch energy and mixing part. Considering the properties variation along the thickness direction, bending of functionally graded temperature-sensitive hydrogels is solved analytically under plane strain assumption. Verifying the presented analytical procedure, the results of this approach is compared with the outcomes of finite element method. To solve diverse problems by finite element method, UHYPER subroutine has been verified in the free-swelling problem. Next, the radius and stresses are studied by both methods for functionally graded temperature-sensitive hydrogels. Finally, according to the importance of factors such as semi-angle and bending curvature in industrial designs, these factors are investigated by changing the temperature in a range of 320 to 288 Kelvin. The continuity of the radial and tangential stresses field is the other reason for utilizing functionally graded hydrogels, while the multi-layer hydrogels do not have continuous stress fields. https://mej.aut.ac.ir/article_3535_b99d193b66a6542917d2b7bee52c2574.pdf