شبیه‌سازی اجزاء محدود تأثیر منبع سردکننده دنباله‌‌رو بر اعوجاج ناشی از جوشکاری آلومینیوم 3105

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی مواد و متالورژی، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

راه‌های مختلفی برای کاهش اعوجاج ناشی از جوشکاری وجود دارد که یکی از آن‌ها استفاده از روش جدیدی به نام منبع سرد‌کننده دنباله‌رو است. در این پژوهش به بررسی تأثیر منبع سردکننده دنباله‌‌رو بر کاهش اعوجاج ناشی از جوشکاری پرداخته شده است. در این بررسی، ابتدا آلیاژ آلومینیوم کار شده 3105 به ضخامت 2 میلیمتر، با روش جوشکاری قوسی تنگستن - گاز محافظ بدون منبع سرد‌کننده دنباله‌رو، جوشکاری شد. در گام بعد، یک منبع سردکننده از گاز آرگون برای سردکردن سریع خط جوش تعبیه و مورداستفاده قرار گرفت. سپس انتقال حرارت و تنش‌های حرارتی ناشی از جوشکاری با استفاده از روش المان محدود سه‌بعدی با و بدون درنظرگرفتن تأثیر منبع سردکننده اعمال شده شبیه‌سازی شد. در مرحله بعد تأثیر قطر و دبی گاز سردکننده بر توزیع دما و اعوجاج ناشی از جوشکاری، تحلیل شد. مشخص شد که استفاده از منبع سردکننده دنباله‌‌رو سبب با ایجاد تنش‌های کششی، کرنش‌های پلاستیکی کششی ایجاد کرده و کرنش‌های فشاری منطقه تحت گرمایش را جبران می‏نمایند. منبع سرد‌کننده دنباله‌رو مقدار اعوجاج ناشی از جوشکاری را حدود 30 درصد کاهش داد و باعث افزایش سختی در منطقه متأثر از حرارت به مقدار 10% ‌‌شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Finite Element Simulation of the Trailing Heat Sink's Effect on Welding-Induced Distortion of Al 3105

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farshad Jafari Vidoji
  • Eslam Ranjbarnodeh
  • Seyyed Ehsan Mirsalehi
Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

There are several ways to reduce the distortion caused by welding, one of which is to use a new method called a trailing heat sink. In this research, the effect of trailing heat sinks on the reduction of distortion caused by aluminum welding has been investigated. In this study, first, 2 mm thick wrought aluminum alloy 3105 was welded by tungsten-inert gas arc welding method without a trailing cooling source. In the next step, a cooling source of argon gas was installed and used to quickly cool the welding line. Then the heat transfer and thermal stresses caused by welding were simulated using the 3D finite element method with and without considering the effect of the applied cooling source. In the next step, the effects of the diameter and flow rate of cooling gas on temperature distribution and distortion caused by welding were analyzed. It was found that the use of a trailing cooling source creates tensile stresses, and tensile plastic strains and compensates for the compressive strains of the heated area. The trailing cooling source reduced the amount of distortion caused by welding by about 30% and increased the hardness in the heat-affected zone by 10%.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Finite element method
  • Trailing heat sink
  • Distortion
  • Aluminum 3105
[1] A.H. Kokabi, M.M.Ghaznavi, Welding Technology (Processes)‎, First ed., Sharif University, 2005 (in Persian).
[2] M. Moeinian, The Key to Welding‎, Second Edi, Azadeh  2012 (in Persian).
[3] T.N. S. Aoki, and T. Hiroi, Reduction method for residual stress of welded joint using random vibration, Nucl. Eng. Des., 235(14) (2005) 1441–1445.
[4] H.R.S. R. V Preston, P. J. Withers, and S. D. Smith, Finite element modelling of tungsten inert gas welding of aluminium alloy 2024, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join., 8(1) (2003) 10-18.
[5] L.C. J. Xu, and C. Ni, Effect of vibratory weld conditioning on the residual stresses and distortion in multipass girth-butt welded pipes, Int. J. Press. Vessel. Pip., 84(5) (2007) 298–303.
[6] G.L. G.Luan, C.Li, C. Dong, DC-LSND friction stir welding, ‎China‏ ‏FSW‏  Center Beijing FSW Technol. Co, 2005.
[7] X. Huang, Residual stress reduction by combined treatment of pulsed magnetic field and pulsed current, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 528(19) (2011) 6287–6292.
[8] L.P.C. J. A. Martins, J. A. Fraymann, and S. T. Button, Analyses of residual stresses on stamped valves by X-ray diffraction and finite elements method, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 179 (2006) 30-35.
[9] Q.G. J. Li, Y. Shi, D. Guo, Y. Du, and Y. Sun, Studies on characteristics of temperature field during GTAW with a trailing heat sink for titanium sheet, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 147(3) ( 2004) 328–335.
[10] W. Jiang, Y. Zhang, W. Woo, Using heat sink technology to decrease residual stress in 316L stainless steel welding joint: Finite element simulation, Int. J. Press. Vessel. Pip., 92 (2012) 56-62.
[11] X. Tian, Q. Shi, Preventing welding hot cracking by welding with an intensive trailing cooler, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 97(1-3) (2000) 30-34.
[12] Y. Guo, D. Wu, G. Ma, D. Guo, Trailing heat sink effects on residual stress and distortion of pulsed laser welded Hastelloy C-276 thin sheets, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 214(12) (2014) 2891-2899.
[13] S.R. Kala, N.S. Prasad, G. Phanikumar, Studies on multipass welding with trailing heat sink considering phase transformation, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 214(6) (2014) 1228-1235.
[14] T. Bajpei, H. Chelladurai, M.Z. Ansari, Mitigation of residual stresses and distortions in thin aluminium alloy GMAW plates using different heat sink models, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 22 (2016) 199-210.
[15] A.S.o. Metals, ASM Metals Handbook, Vol 02 Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials, in: E.L.R.a.J.H.L. Linden (Ed.), ASM Met. Park. Ohio, 1990.
[16] A. Int., ASM Handbook, Vol. 6 , Welding, Brazing, and Soldering, in, Met. Park. Ohio, USA., 1993.
[17] G.F.V. Voort, Metallography, Principles and Practice, Fourth ed., 2007.
[18] K. Biswas, A numerical prediction of the temperature distribution in the thermionic cathode of a welding arc, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 40(1-2) (1994) 219-237.
[19] A. Farzadi, S. Serajzadeh, A. Kokabi, Modeling of heat transfer and fluid flow during gas tungsten arc welding of commercial pure aluminum, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol, 38(3) (2008) 258-267.
[20] E. Ranjbarnodeh, S. Serajzadeh, A. Kokabi, A. Fischer, Prediction of temperature distribution in dissimilar arc welding of stainless steel to carbon steel, Proc Inst Mech Eng B J Eng Manuf, 226(1) (2012) 117-125.
[21] J.P. Hartnett, T.F. Irvine, Y.I. Cho, G.A. Greene, H. Taniguchi, W.-J. Yang, K. Kudo, Advances in Heat Transfer: Radiative Heat Transfer by the Monte Carlo Method, Academic Press, 1995.
[22] T.L. Bergman, T.L. Bergman, F.P. Incropera, D.P. Dewitt, A.S. Lavine, Fundamentals of heat and mass transfer, John Wiley & Sons, 2011.
[23] A. BOILER, P.V. CODE, MATERIALS Part D–, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992(1995) (1989) 1998-2001.
[24] Z. Liu, X. Jin, J. Zhang, Z. Hao, J. Li, H. Chen, Numerical and experimental investigation on the mechanism of synchronous trailing cold air heat sink in eliminating the deformation during laser welding SUS301L thin sheet,    Opt Laser Technol, 153 (2022) 108258.