شبیه‌سازی عددی پخش و نفوذ قطرات حاصل از عطسه انسان در محیط اطراف

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

ویژگی مهم بیماری‌های تنفسی ویروسی، انتقال و انتشار سریع این ویروس‌ها به‌ واسطه فرایندهای تنفسی است. در مطالعه حاضر از دینامیک سیالات محاسباتی و انتقال حرارت به‌منظور بررسی جریان هوا درون دستگاه تنفسی و محیط اطراف در فرایند عطسه و همچنین نفوذ و پخش قطرات حاصل از عطسه برای یک مرد ۶۵ ساله غیرسیگاری استفاده شده است. در این مطالعه حدود یک میلیون قطره با دمای اولیه ۳۵ درجه سانتی‌گراد در داخل دهان تزریق شده است که بخش عمده‌ای از این قطرات را قطرات کوچک با قطر ۴ الی ۱۶ میکرون تشکیل می‌دهند. در مطالعه حاضر از مدل آشفتگی k-ω SST به‌منظور بررسی جریان و از رویکرد اویلر- لاگرانژ با دیدگاه یک‌طرفه به‌منظور بررسی نیروهای وارد بر قطرات و تغییر فاز قطرات استفاده شده است. برای یک عطسه معمولی انسان با بیشینه دبی هوای ۵۵۳ لیتر بر دقیقه از درون دستگاه تنفسی با دمای ۳۵ درجه سانتی‌گراد و رطوبت نسبی ۹۵ درصد در محیطی با فشار هوای یک اتمسفر، دمای ۲۴ درجه سانتی‌گراد و رطوبت نسبی ۶۵ درصد مشخص شده است که بیشترین میزان نفوذ قطرات متعلق به قطرات بزرگ و برابر ۳ متر است؛ درحالی‌که بیشترین میزان پخش قطرات متعلق به قطرات کوچک و برابر ۱ متر است و نتایج حاصل از تبخیر قطرات مشخص کرد که بیش از ۹۵ درصد قطرات تزریق شده در هنگام عطسه در پایان زمان ۵ ثانیه تبخیر شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Numerical Simulation of the Dispersion of Human Sneeze Droplets In The Surrounding

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Zandaf
  • Ghassem Heidarinejad
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The important feature of viral respiratory diseases is the rapid transmission and spread of these viruses through respiratory processes. In this study, computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer have been used for the airflow inside the human Airway and the surrounding environment, as well as the penetration and spread of droplets from sneezing for a 65-year-old non-smoking man. In the current study, about one million drops from sneezing with an initial temperature of 35 degrees Celsius were injected inside the mouth, and the majority of these drops are small drops with a diameter of 4 to 16 microns. In this study, the k-ω SST turbulence model was used to investigate the flow, and the Euler-Lagrange approach with a one-way view was used to investigate the forces acting on the droplets and also the phase change of the droplets. For a human sneeze with a maximum flow rate of 553 liters per minute through the respiratory system with a temperature of 35 degrees Celsius and a relative humidity of 95% in an environment with an air pressure of one atmosphere, a temperature of 24 degrees Celsius and a relative humidity of 65%, it was determined that the maximum amount of penetration belongs to large drops equal to 3 meters. While the highest amount of spread belongs to small drops equal to 1 meter and the results of droplet evaporation indicated that more than 95% of the droplets injected during sneezing evaporated at the end of 5 seconds.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Computational fluid dynamics
  • Sneeze
  • Lung
  • Virus diffusion
  • Two-phase flow
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