مطالعه عددی گسترش گازهای سمی و داغ حریق در مجتمع مسکونی چندطبقه با و بدون سیستم اطفای حریق اسپرینکلر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در این مطالعه عددی اثر سیستم اطفای حریق آبی در کنترل و خاموشی حریق در ساختمان چندطبقه با استفاده نرم‌افزار اف‌دی‌اس انجام شد. هندسه شامل یک ساختمان پنج طبقه با مجموع 25 واحد که اتاق آتش با سوخت هپتان، در واحد سوم در مرکز اتاق طبقه همکف قرار دارد. در هر اتاق پارامترهای دما و گونه‌هایی نظیر مونوکسید کربن‌ و دی‌اکسید کربن اندازه‌گیری و نتایج از شروع احتراق تا 100 ثانیه برای دو حالت با و بدون اسپرینکلر بررسی شد. با صحت‌سنجی مشخص شد که نتایج عددی این مطالعه با نتایج تجربی 8 درصد خطای نسبی دارد. همچنین، در حالت بدون اسپرینکلر طی زمان 30 ثانیه شرایط دمایی در اتاق سوم طبقه اول به دمای 700 درجه سانتی‌گراد رسید؛ اما در حالت با اسپرینکلر، خاموشی در اتاق آتش کمتر از 20 ثانیه اتفاق افتاد. چنین رفتاری نیز برای گونه‌های سمی مونوکسید کربن و دی‌اکسید کربن  اتفاق می‌افتد؛ به‌نحوی‌که در حالت بدون اسپرینکلر در تمامی طبقات بالای اتاق آتش در مخاطره قرار می‌گیرند. ازاین‌رو در یک جمع‏بندی، با مدنظر قرار دادن مقادیر کمینه، بیشینه و متوسط دما و سایر گونه‌ها، می‏توان به اهمیت اسپرینکلر در خاموشی آتش در اتاق آتش و کنترل گازهای سمی و داغ در سایر اتاق‏ ها پی برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Numerical study of the spread of toxic and hot fire gases in a multi-story residential complex with and without sprinkler fire extinguishing system

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Tajaddod
  • Ghassem Heidarinejad
  • mohammad safarzadeh
tarbiat modares
چکیده [English]

In this study, the effect of a water-based fire suppression system on fire control and extinguishment in a multi-story building was investigated using FDS software. The geometry consisted of a five-story building with a total of 25 units, where the fire room with heptane fuel was located on the third floor in the center of the ground floor room. Temperature parameters and species such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide were measured in each room, and the results were analyzed for two conditions with and without sprinklers from the start of combustion to 100 seconds. Validation showed that the numerical results of this study had an 8% relative error compared to experimental results. Additionally, in the condition without sprinklers, the temperature in the third-floor fire room reached 700 degrees Celsius within 30 seconds, but with sprinklers, extinguishment occurred in less than 20 seconds. This behavior also occurs for toxic species such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, which are at risk on all floors above the fire room without sprinklers. Therefore, by considering minimum, maximum, and average values, the importance of sprinklers in extinguishing fires in the room and controlling toxic and hot gases in other rooms can be concluded.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Building Fire
  • FDS software
  • sprinkler fire extinguishing
  • toxic and hot gases
  • fire control
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