مطالعه تاثیر تغییرات جرم حرارتی بر آسایش حرارتی ساختمان‌ها در اقلیم‌های‌ ایران با روش کوپن - گایگر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه ملی مهارت، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش، تاثیر تغییرات جرم حرارتی و دریافت مستقیم انرژی غیرفعال خورشیدی از طریق شیشه‌های رو به خورشید در تامین شرایط آسایش حرارتی جهت طراحی ساختمان‌های مسکونی برای شرایط مختلف اقلیمی ایران بررسی و ارزیابی شده است. استفاده از جرم حرارتی با وزن سنگین یا سبک به شرایط آب و هوای هر اقلیم و عملکرد ساختمان بستگی دارد. محدوه اقلیم ایران بر اساس طبقه‌بندی اقلیمی کوپن – گایگر، به 9 اقلیم تقسیم می‌شود. پارامترهای شاخص محیطی در این 9 اقلیم شامل دما، سرعت باد، رطوبت‌نسبی، نرخ متابولیک (میت) و عایق پوشش (کلو) می‌باشند که از روش استاندارد اشری 55 و مدل آسایش پی‌ام‌وی استفاده شده است. با وارد کردن فایل پارامترهای آب و هوایی شهرهای منتخب در نرم‌افزار کلایمنت کانسالتنت، نتایج خروجی شامل جرم حرارتی، دریافت مستقیم انرژی غیرفعال خورشیدی و شرایط آسایش بدست آمد. نتایج نشان داد در اقلیم یزد پارامترهای جرم حرارتی در تابستان و دریافت مستقیم انرژی غیرفعال خورشیدی در زمستان به ترتیب با 60 و 25 درصد بیشترین و کمترین تاثیر در بهبود افزایش آسایش حرارتی به صورت غیرفعال را دارند. همچنین پارامتر جرم حرارتی در اقلیم‌های رشت، اردبیل و آبعلی تاثیری ندارد. در نهایت روش‌های تهویه طبیعی و تاثیر جرم حرارتی در اقلیم‌های نه‌گانه در شهرهای ایران برای بهبود شرایط آسایش پیشنهاد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of the Effect of Thermal Mass Variations on Thermal Comfort of Buildings in Iran’s Climates Using the Köppen–Geiger method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Rezaee
  • Mojtab Masomnezhad
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Skills (NUS), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, the effect of thermal mass and direct passive solar energy gain on providing thermal comfort conditions for designing residential buildings for different climatic conditions in Iran has been investigated and evaluated. The climate zone of Iran is divided into 9 climates based on the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. BWh, BSk, BSh and CSa climates are important climatic groups of Iran, each of which covers a large part of the country, and the other climates BWk, Cfa, CSb, Dsa and Dsb cover a smaller area of Iran. The environmental index parameters in these 9 climates include temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, metabolic rate (Met) and envelope insulation (Clo), which are used in the standard Asher 55 method and in the PMV comfort model. By importing the climate parameter file of the selected cities into the Climate Consultant software, the output results including thermal mass, direct passive solar energy gain and comfort conditions were obtained. The results showed that the BWh and SFa climates have the highest and lowest effects on improving passive thermal comfort in summer and direct passive solar energy in winter, respectively. Also, the thermal mass parameter has no effect in CFa, CSb and DSb climates. Finally, natural ventilation methods and the effect of thermal mass in different climates were suggested to improve comfort conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Thermal Comfort
  • Passive Heating and Cooling
  • PMV Model
  • Köppen–Geiger Climate Classification
  • ASHRAE Standard 55
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