نشریه مهندسی مکانیک امیرکبیر

نشریه مهندسی مکانیک امیرکبیر

ارزیابی کیفیت پاسخ عصبی با توجه به ناحیه تعادل‌پذیر و زمان واکنش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
آزمایشگاه بیومکانیک و سیستم‌های حرکتی، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
چکیده
حفظ تعادل ایستاده به دلیل ناپایداری دینامیکی بدن انسان، به‌ویژه در افراد مسن، چالشی اساسی است که با افزایش سن و ضعف سیستم عصبی، خطر زمین خوردن و آسیب‌های مرتبط را افزایش می‌دهد. این پژوهش کیفیت پاسخ عصبی در کنترل تعادل را با بررسی ناحیه تعادل‌پذیر و زمان واکنش ارزیابی کرده است. با استفاده از مدل آونگ معکوس یگانه در صفحه سجیتال، ناحیه تعادل‌پذیر مکانیکی، تجربی و واقعی برای 7 فرد جوان سالم (میانگین سنی 24 سال، 4 زن و 3 مرد) محاسبه شد. آزمایش‌های زمان واکنش (دیداری، شنیداری و لمسی) با استفاده از LED، بازر و پیزوالکتریک و آزمایش خروج از تعادل با ضربه ناگهانی به محدوده مرکز جرم انجام گرفت. داده‌های آزمایش خروج از تعادل، با صفحه نیرو (600 هرتز) و دوربین (125 هرتز) ثبت شدند. نتایج نشان داد که زمان واکنش شنیداری (144-186 میلی‌ثانیه) کوتاه‌تر از زمان واکنش دیداری (188-260 میلی‌ثانیه) و لمسی (153-238 میلی‌ثانیه) است. نسبت ناحیه تعادل‌پذیر تجربی به مکانیکی بین 41 تا 74 درصد و نسبت ناحیه واقعی به مکانیکی بین 42 تا 91 درصد متغیر بود. مدل دینامیکی با داده‌های تجربی اعتبارسنجی شد و نشان داد که تأخیر زمانی، ناحیه تعادل‌پذیر را به‌طور قابل توجهی کاهش می‌دهد و و مردان نسبت به زنان پاسخ سریعتری دارند (حدود 10 میلی‌ثانیه). این یافته‌ها در طراحی برنامه‌های توان‌بخشی، بهبود عملکرد ورزشی و تشخیص زود هنگام اختلالات عصبی کاربرد دارند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation of Neural Response Quality Based on Balanceable Region and Reaction Time

نویسندگان English

Mahdie Pourjafari
Mohammad Hadi Honarvar
Biomechanics and Movement Systems Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
چکیده English

Maintaining upright stability is a fundamental challenge due to the dynamic instability of the human body, particularly in older adults, where age-related decline in the nervous system increases the risk of falls and related injuries. This study evaluated neural response quality in balance control by analyzing the balanceable regions and reaction times. Using a single inverted pendulum model in the sagittal plane, the mechanical, experimental, and real balanceable regions were determined for seven healthy young adults (mean age: 24 years; 4 females, 3 males). Reaction time tests (visual, auditory, and tactile) were conducted using an LED, buzzer, and piezoelectric sensor, while an out-of-balance experiment was performed using a sudden perturbation near the center of mass. Data were recorded with a force plate (600 Hz) and motion capture cameras (125 Hz). Results indicated that auditory reaction time (144–186 ms) was shorter than visual (188–260 ms) and tactile (153–238 ms) reaction times. The ratios of experimental to mechanical and real to mechanical balanceable regions ranged from 41% to 74% and 42% to 91%, respectively. The dynamic model was validated against experimental data and demonstrated that reaction time significantly reduces the balanceable region, with males responding approximately 10 ms faster than females. These findings have potential applications in designing rehabilitation programs, enhancing athletic performance, and enabling early diagnosis of neurological disorders.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Balanceable Region
Reaction Time
Inverted Pendulum Model
Upright Stability
Neural Response
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