تأثیر ربات های اجتماعی در آموزش و توانبخشی کودکان طیف اُتیسم در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک

2 صنعتی شریف*مهندسی مکانیک

3 دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران-غرب، تهران

4 پژوهشکده علوم شناختی و مغز، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، به کارگیری عملی ربات‌های انسان‌نما به عنوان دستیار درمانگر در ارتقای مهارت‌های اجتماعی و شناختی کودکان مبتلا به اتیسم به عنوان یکی از اولین گروه‌های به کارگیرنده‌ی این فن‌آوری در ایران است. جهت نیل به این مقصود، بازی‌های آموزشی-درمانی متنوعی تدوین شده و در چند قالب بر روی کودکان اتیستیک پیاده‌سازی شده است: الف( بررسی مقبولیت ربات‌ها در میان کودکان و مطالعه عملکرد آ نها در بازی تقلیدهای حرکتی درشت و ریز، ب( بررسی تأثیر حضور ربات به عنوان دستیار معلم در آموزش موسیقی به کودکان طیف اتیسم )در برنامه مداخلات انفرادی( با هدف ارتقای مهارت‌های اجتماعی و شناختی آنها، و پ( مطالعه‌ی اثربخشی استفاده از ربات‌ها در افزایش مهارت‌های اجتماعی کودکان عملکرد بالا )در برنامه‌ی مداخلات گروهی دو نفره(. مجموعه نتایج به دست آمده در این پژوهش، حاکی از مقبولیت 70 درصدی ربات‌ها در اولین تعامل کودکان اتیستیک با آ نها بوده است. ارتقای هر دو گروه کودکان عملکرد بالا و پایین در زمینه‌ی مهارت‌های تقلیدی ریز، توجه اشتراکی و ارتباط؛ کاهش نشانگان اتیسم شرکت کنندگان، ارتقا و ماندگاری مهارت‌های اجتماعی کودکان عملکرد بالا؛ و کاهش رفتارهای ناسازگارانه در کودک با عملکرد پایین از اهم یافته‌های این پژوهش است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Impacts of Social Robots in Education and Rehabilitation of Children with Autism in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Taheri 1
  • Ali Meghdari 2
  • Minoo Alemi 3
  • Hamidreza Pouretemad 4
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology
2 Mechanical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology
3 Department of Humanities, Islamic Azad University-West Tehran Branch
4 Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences (ICBS), Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

 In this study, our objective (as one of the pioneers in Iran) is to explore the clinical application of interactive humanoid robots as medical assistants in the treatment and education of children with autism in order to improve their social and cognitive skills. To reach this goal, we have designed and implemented a set of therapeutic games with the following topics: a) Investigation of social robots’ acceptability and effect on improving the fine/gross movement imitation of Iranian children with autism, b) Exploring the effect of a robot-assisted music-education program on children with autism spectrum disorders’ socio-cognitive skills improvement (as an individual clinical intervention program), and c) The impact of humanoid robots on improving the social and cognitive skills of high-functioning autistic children (as a group clinical intervention program). The results indicated that our robots were accepted by 70 percent of the participants as a communication tool from the first interaction. We also observed improvement in joint attention and fine movement imitation skills of both the high-functioning and low-functioning subjects. It was concluded that the high-functioning children’s social skills improved due to the robot-assisted group therapy sessions, while the stereotyped behaviors of the low-functioning subjects decreased during the course of this program.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Human-robot interaction
  • Autism spectrum disorders
  • Social robots Imitation
  • Joint attention
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