تاثیر افزودنی های سوختی بر فراریت بنزین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی هوافضا، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران

3 دانشیار مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

افزودنی های اکسیژن دار برای مقاصدی نظیر افزایش عدد اکتان، بهبود پارامترهای عملکردی موتور و کاهش آلاینده های خروجی، به بنزین پایه افزوده می شوند . در ایران از متیل ترشیاری بوتیل اتر به عنوان افزودنی بنزین پایه استفاده می شود که بدلیل آثار مخرب زیست محیطی، کشور ما نیز همانند دیگر کشورهای پیشرفته، باید به دنبال جایگزینی برای این افزودنی باشد . ترکیب بنزین پایه و افزودنی های سوختی عموماً شامل محدودیت هایی از قبیل افزایش میزان فراریت، فشار بخار بنزین و کاهش ارزش حرارتی سوخت حاصله می باشد . در این تحقیق اتانول ، ترشیاری بوتیل الکل و متیل ترشیاری بوتیل اتر در نسبتهای حجمی 2.5، 5، 7.5، 10، 15و 20 با بنزین پایه پالایشگاه تهران ترکیب گردیده و رفتار فراریت سوخت حاصله بر اساس استانداردهای ASTM مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصله بیانگر آن است که در صورت استفاده از اتانول به عنوان افزودنی سوختی باید تغییراتی در فرمول بنزین پایه حاصل گردد که خود تاثیر نامطلوبی بر مشخصه های دیگر سوخت از جمله عدد اکتان برجای می گذارد، حال آنکه افزودن ترشیاری بوتیل الکل به بنزین ، فشار بخار بنزین را به میزان ناچیزی افزایش داده و نیازی به جایگزینی ترکیبات سبک بنزین پایه با ترکیبات سنگین تر به منظور کاهش فشار بخار بنزین ندارد .

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Fuel Additives on Gasoline Volatility

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soheil Babazadeh Shayan 1
  • Seyedmorteza Seyedpour 2
  • fatollah ommi 3
چکیده [English]

Oxygenated additives are added to base gasoline for such purposes as increase of Octane Number, improvement of engine performance and decease of exhaust emissions. In Iran, Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) is used as an additive to the base gasoline. Due to destructive environmental effects of the said material, our country, the same as other developed countries, should seek to use a replacement for the said additive. The combination of the base gasoline and fuel additives has such limitations as increase of the quantity of volatility, the reid vapor pressure (RVP) and decrease of calorific value of the fuel obtained. In this research, Ethanol, Tertiary Butyl Alcohol (TBA) and Metyl Tertiary Butyl Ether in the volumetric ratios of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15 and 20 are blended with the base gasoline of Tehran Oil Refinery Company (TORC). The behavior of volatility of the obtained fuel has been investigated based on ASTM standards. The results obtained from the said investigation reveal that in case of use of Ethanol as a fuel additive, certain changes should be made in the formulation of base gasoline. The said combination has an undesirable effect on other characteristics of fuel such as Octane Number. Addition of Tertiary Butyl Alcohol to gasoline shall result in trivial increase of the reid vapor pressure. Consequently, there will be no need for replacement of light straight run gasoline (LSRG) compounds with heavier compounds in order to decrease the reid vapor pressure.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gasoline
  • Oxygenated Additive
  • MTBE
  • Ethanol
  • TBA
  • Reid Vapor Pressure

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