بررسی پارامترهای تأثیرگذار بر عملکرد توربین‌های بادی محور عمودی به صورت تجربی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مهندسی مکانیک تبدیل انرژی، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک و انرژی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک و انرژی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 دکتری برق، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک و انرژی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

از مباحث چالش‌بر‌انگیز در بهره‌گیری از انرژی بادی، استفاده از توربین‌های بادی در مناطق شهری است. با توجه به ساختار این مناطق، معمولا توربین‌های بادی محور عمودی (داریوس-ساوینیوس) که مستقل از جهت باد عمل می‌کنند استفاده شود. همچنین با توجه به محدودیت فضای مناطق شهری بررسی پارامترهای توربین‌ها در ابعاد مایکرو امری مهم و اجتناب‌ناپذیر به‌نظر می‌رسد. هدف این پژوهش بررسی این توربین‌ها، پارامترهای تأثیرگذار و بهبود عمل‌کرد آن‌ها است. به‌منظور روش انجام پژوهش دو توربین ساوینیوس و داریوس در ابعاد مایکرو طراحی و ساخته شده‌اند و عملکرد آیرودینامیکی آن‌ها با بدست آوردن نمودار ضریب توان بر حسب نسبت‌سرعت‌نوک‌پره مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. تأثیر سرعت باد بر توربین ساوینیوس به صورت تجربی بررسی شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که این توربین در سرعت‌های باد پایین عملکرد بهتری دارد. بخشی از خلاقیت و نوآوری این پژوهش ساخت توربین داریوسی بوده که امکان تغییر برخی پارامترهای تأثیرگذار را داشته باشد. این طراحی باعث کاهش هزینه‌ها است. دو پارامتر نسبت ابعاد و جایگاه بازوی نگه‌دارنده پره‌ها در توربین داریوس به صورت تجربی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. با توجه به نتایج آزمایش‌ها بهترین جایگاه بازوی نگه‌دارنده پره‌ها، ابتدا و انتهای پره است و توربین با نسبت ابعاد یک بهترین عملکرد را دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Experimental study on effective parameters on vertical axis wind turbine performance

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nima Aboufazeli 1
  • Pooyan Hashemi Tari 2
  • Roghayeh Gavagsaz-ghoachani 3
  • Majid Zandi 2
1 Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University,Tehran, Iran,
چکیده [English]

Concerns about the usage of fossil fuels have led to more attention to renewable energies such as wind energy. Utilization of wind turbines in the urban industry is one of the challenging topics in wind energy area. Particularly, due to the limitations of the wind conditions in the urban areas (i.e. low speed wind, high level of variation of wind direction and high turbulence level) and the space limitations within the cities, utilization of vertical axis wind turbines in micro scales have become of interest. The focus of the present study is on these types of turbines and assessing the parameters affecting their aerodynamic performances. Two types of vertical axis wind turbines (Savonius and a straight blade Darrieus) were designed and constructed in micro-scale. The effect of wind speed on the Savonius turbine is experimentally studied. Results show that this turbine performs better at lower wind speeds. The effect of the aspect ratio and the vertical position of the blade struts on the performance of the Darrieus turbine is also experimentally assessed. The results show that the best vertical position for struts is the tip of the blades. It was also experimentally observed that the turbine with aspect ratio one has the best aerodynamic performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Micro wind turbines
  • Vertical axis wind turbine
  • Savonius
  • Darrieus
  • Power coefficient

مراجع

[1] T. Pereira, N. Batista, A. Fonseca, C. Cardeira, P. Oliveira, R. Melicio, Darrieus wind turbine prototype: Dynamic modeling parameter identification and control analysis, Energy, 159 (2018) 961-976.
[2] A. Meana-Fernández, I. Solís-Gallego, J.M.F. Oro, K.M.A. Díaz, S. Velarde-Suárez, Parametrical evaluation of the aerodynamic performance of vertical axis wind turbines for the proposal of optimized designs, Energy, 147 (2018) 504-517.
[3] S. Armstrong, A. Fiedler, S. Tullis, Flow separation on a high Reynolds number, high solidity vertical axis wind turbine with straight and canted blades and canted blades with fences, Renewable energy, 41 (2012) 13-22.
[4] R. Howell, N. Qin, J. Edwards, N. Durrani, Wind tunnel and numerical study of a small vertical axis wind turbine, Renewable energy, 35(2) (2010) 412-422.
[5] R. Kumar, K. Raahemifar, A.S. Fung, A critical review of vertical axis wind turbines for urban applications, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 89 (2018) 281-291.
[6] V. Tucker, Using a collision model to design safer wind turbine rotors for birds,  (1996).
[7] T. Maeda, Y. Kamada, J. Murata, Q. Li, T. Kawabata, T. Kogaki, Measurements of flow field and pressure distribution of straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine, in:  Proceedings of the European Wind Energy Association Conference and Exhibition, 2013, pp. 8.
[8] M.F. Ismail, K. Vijayaraghavan, The effects of aerofoil profile modification on a vertical axis wind turbine performance, Energy, 80 (2015) 20-31.
[9] M.S. Siddiqui, N. Durrani, I. Akhtar, Quantification of the effects of geometric approximations on the performance of a vertical axis wind turbine, Renewable Energy, 74 (2015) 661-670.
[10] I. Hui, B.E. Cain, J.O. Dabiri, Public receptiveness of vertical axis wind turbines, Energy Policy, 112 (2018) 258-271.
[11] S. Zanforlin, S. Deluca, Effects of the Reynolds number and the tip losses on the optimal aspect ratio of straight-bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbines, Energy, 148 (2018) 179-195.
[12] A. Rezaeiha, H. Montazeri, B. Blocken, Characterization of aerodynamic performance of vertical axis wind turbines: impact of operational parameters, Energy Conversion and Management, 169 (2018) 45-77.
[13] M. Elkhoury, T. Kiwata, E. Aoun, Experimental and numerical investigation of a three-dimensional vertical-axis wind turbine with variable-pitch, Journal of wind engineering and Industrial aerodynamics, 139 (2015) 111-123.
[14] M.R. Castelli, A. Englaro, E. Benini, The Darrieus wind turbine: Proposal for a new performance prediction model based on CFD, Energy, 36(8) (2011) 4919-4934.
[15] M. Mohamed, Performance investigation of H-rotor Darrieus turbine with new airfoil shapes, Energy, 47(1) (2012) 522-530.
[16] B.D. Altan, M. Atılgan, A. Özdamar, An experimental study on improvement of a Savonius rotor performance with curtaining, Experimental thermal and fluid science, 32(8) (2008) 1673-1678.
[17] S. Roy, U.K. Saha, Review of experimental investigations into the design, performance and optimization of the Savonius rotor, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, 227(4) (2013) 528-542.
[18] I. Ushiyama, H. Nagai, Optimum design configurations and performance of Savonius rotors, Wind Engineering,  (1988) 59-75.
[19] U. Saha, S. Thotla, D. Maity, Optimum design configuration of Savonius rotor through wind tunnel experiments, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 96(8-9) (2008) 1359-1375.
[20] K. Sobczak, Numerical investigations of an influence of the aspect ratio on the Savonius rotor performance, in:  Journal of Physics: Conference Series, IOP Publishing, 2018, pp. 012034.
[21] M. Zemamou, M. Aggour, A. Toumi, Review of savonius wind turbine design and performance, Energy Procedia, 141 (2017) 383-388.
[22] K.N. Morshed, M. Rahman, G. Molina, M. Ahmed, Wind tunnel testing and numerical simulation on aerodynamic performance of a three-bladed Savonius wind turbine, International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 4(1) (2013) 18.
[23] R.E. Sheldahl, B.F. Blackwell, L.V. Feltz, Wind tunnel performance data for two-and three-bucket Savonius rotors, Journal of Energy, 2(3) (1978) 160-164.
[24] J.-L. Menet, A double-step Savonius rotor for local production of electricity: a design study, Renewable energy, 29(11) (2004) 1843-1862.
[25] W. Tian, B. Song, J.H. VanZwieten, P. Pyakurel, Computational fluid dynamics prediction of a modified Savonius wind turbine with novel blade shapes, Energies, 8(8) (2015) 7915-7929.
[26] B.D. Altan, M. Atılgan, An experimental and numerical study on the improvement of the performance of Savonius wind rotor, Energy Conversion and Management, 49(12) (2008) 3425-3432.
[27] R. Gupta, A. Biswas, K. Sharma, Comparative study of a three-bucket Savonius rotor with a combined three-bucket Savonius–three-bladed Darrieus rotor, Renewable Energy, 33(9) (2008) 1974-1981.
[28] M. Ahmadi-Baloutaki, R. Carriveau, D.S. Ting, Straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine rotor design guide based on aerodynamic performance and loading analysis, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, 228(7) (2014) 742-759.
[29] I.B. Mabrouk, A. El Hami, Effect of number of blades on the dynamic behavior of a Darrieus turbine geared transmission system, Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 121 (2019) 562-578.
[30] H. Beri, Y. Yao, Effect of camber airfoil on self starting of vertical axis wind turbine, Journal of environmental Science and Technology, 4(3) (2011) 302-312.
[31] M. Islam, M. Amin, D. Ting, A. Fartaj, Performance analysis of a smaller-capacity straight-bladed VAWT with prospective airfoils, in:  46th AIAA aerospace sciences meeting and exhibit, 2008, pp. 1333.
[32] M. Raciti Castelli, G. Ardizzon, L. Battisti, E. Benini, G. Pavesi, Modeling strategy and numerical validation for a Darrieus vertical axis micro-wind turbine, in:  ASME 2010 international mechanical engineering congress and exposition, American Society of Mechanical Engineers Digital Collection, 2010, pp. 409-418.
[33] T. Maeda, Y. Kamada, J. Murata, M. Yamamoto, T. Ogasawara, K. Shimizu, T. Kogaki, Study on power performance for straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine by field and wind tunnel test, Renewable Energy, 90 (2016) 291-300.
[34] N. Fujisawa, On the torque mechanism of Savonius rotors, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 40(3) (1992) 277-292.
[35] P. Adriane Prisco, V. Horcio Antonio, A. Joo Vicente, A review on the performance of Savonius wind turbines, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,  (2012).
[36] J.M. Mercado-Colmenero, M.A. Rubio-Paramio, F. Guerrero-Villar, C. Martin-Doñate, A numerical and experimental study of a new Savonius wind rotor adaptation based on product design requirements, Energy Conversion and Management, 158 (2018) 210-234.
[37] A. Grönman, J. Tiainen, A. Jaatinen-Värri, Experimental and analytical analysis of vaned savonius turbine performance under different operating conditions, Applied Energy, 250 (2019) 864-872.
[38] H. Jeong, S. Lee, S.-D. Kwon, Wind tunnel interference effects on power performance of small Darrieus wind turbines, in:  The 2014 World Congress on Advances in Civil, Environmental, and Materials Research (ACEM14), Busan, Korea, 2014.
نشریه مهندسی مکانیک امیرکبیر
دوره 53، شماره 5
مرداد 1400
صفحه 2771-2790

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار