بررسی تاثیر افزایش زبری سطح تیغه کمپرسور بر عملکرد یک میکروتوربین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی هوافضا، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران

چکیده

توربین گاز به دلیل شرایط عملکردی دشوار در معرض آسیب ناشی از رسوب‌گذاری، سایش و دیگر عوامل آسیب‌زا قرار دارد. رسوب‌گذاری کمپرسور مهمترین عامل افت عملکرد توربین گاز بوده و پیامد اصلی آن افزایش زبری سطح تیغه‌ها می‌باشد. بروز رسوب‌گذاری کمپرسور باعث افت عملکرد توربین گاز شده و هزینه‌های عملیاتی آن را افزایش می‌دهد. یکی از روش‌هایی که برای تشخیص آسیب اجزای توربین گاز به کار می‌رود، تحلیل مسیر گاز است. در این روش با پایش متغیرهای حساس نسبت به هر آسیب می‌توان بروز آسیب متناظر را تشخیص داد. برتری این روش بر بازرسی اجزا این است که در آن نیازی به خاموش کردن توربین گاز نیست به همین دلیل هزینه ناشی از خاموشی توربین گاز و خروج آن از مدار نیز حذف می‌شود؛ بعلاوه پایش پیوسته وضعیت سلامتی موتور نیز امکان‌پذیر می‌شود. هدف این مقاله بررسی تاثیر افزایش زبری سطح تیغه کمپرسور بر عملکرد یک میکروتوربین در بارهای جزئی و کامل و تعیین متغیرهای حساس به رسوب‌گذاری است. برای این کار از مشخصه یک کمپرسور گریز از مرکز در حالت سالم و سه زبری سطح مختلف جهت شبیه‌سازی عملکرد خارج از نقطه طراحی یک میکروتوربین استفاده شده‌است. شبیه سازی عملکرد میکروتوربین در حالت سالم صحه‌گذاری شده‌است. تاثیر افزایش زبری بر عملکرد میکروتوربین محاسبه و حساسیت هر یک از متغیرهای عملکردی نسبت به افزایش زبری در بارهای مختلف، بررسی شده‌است. نتایج شبیه‌سازی نشان می‌دهد که شرایط ناشی از افزایش زبری تیغه کمپرسور باعث بهبود عملکرد بازیاب گرما و افزایش بازده میکروتوربین در دور ثابت می‌شود؛ اما به دلیل افزایش دمای ورودی توربین و عبور آن از حد مجاز، توان بیشینه‌ مجاز کاهش می‌یابد. همچنین نتایج نشان می‌دهند که توان خالص، دمای ورودی محفظه احتراق و دمای خروجی توربین، بیشترین حساسیت را نسبت به افزایش زبری دارند. در حالی‌که دمای خروجی کمپرسور حساسیت کمی را نسبت به افزایش زبری نشان می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Compressor Blade Roughness Increment Effect on Micro Turbine Performance

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. S. Talebi
  • A. Mesgarpoor Tousi
Department of Aerospace Engineering, Amirkabir University of technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Because of challenging operating conditions, gas turbine is exposed to fouling, erosion and other damaging factors. Compressor fouling is the main reason of gas turbine performance deterioration and its most important effect is the increase in the roughness of blade surface. Compressor fouling leads to gas turbine performance deterioration and increasing of operating cost. Gas path analysis is one of the methods used to detect components’ damages of gas turbine. In this method detection of each damage is made possible by monitoring related sensitive parameters. The superiority of this method over the visual inspection method is monitoring implementation without shutting unit down which deletes costs of unit shut down and removal from circuit. Moreover continuous health monitoring of gas turbine is possible. This paper aims to study effect of roughness increase in the compressor blade on a micro gas turbine performance in part and full load and determination of parameters which are sensitive to fouling. To achieve this goal, characteristic of a radial compressor in clean state and three different surface roughnesses has been used. Characteristic is utilized to simulate off-Design performance of a micro turbine in part and full load. Results of off-Design performance simulation in clean state are validated against experimental data. Effects of roughness increment have been calculated and sensitivity of performance parameters in different loads have been analyzed. The simulation’s results show that blade roughness increment induces new condition which improves recuperator performance and micro turbine thermal efficiency in constant speed. But in this condition turbine inlet temperature is raised and exceeds the maximum allowed temperature. So the maximum allowable output power is decreased. Results show that net output power, combustion chamber inlet temperature and turbine exhaust temperature are the most sensitive parameters to roughness changes while compressor discharge temperature shows insignificant sensitivity to roughness increment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Micro turbine
  • Performance Deterioration
  • Compressor Damage
  • Fouling
  • Roughness
[1] Comprehensive guidance for cogeneration, in, Ministry of Energy, office of efficiency of Electricite and energy,2009.
[2] W. El-Khattam, M. Salama, Distributed generation technologies, definitions and benefits, Electric power systems research, 71(2) (2004) 119-128.
[3] M. Kalantar, Dynamic behavior of a stand-alone hybrid power generation system of wind turbine, microturbine,solar array and battery storage, Applied Energy, 87(10)(2010) 3051-3064.
[4] G. Pepermans, J. Driesen, D. Haeseldonckx, R. Belmans, W. D’haeseleer, Distributed generation: definition,benefits and issues, Energy policy, 33(6) (2005) 787-798.
[5] M. Ismail, M. Moghavvemi, T. Mahlia, Current utilization of microturbines as a part of a hybrid system in distributed generation technology, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 21 (2013) 142-152.
[6] E. Mohammadi, M. Montazeri-Gh, Simulation of Full and Part-Load Performance Deterioration of Industrial Two-Shaft Gas Turbine, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 136(9) (2014) 092602-092609.
[7] A. Lakshminarasimha, M. Boyce, C. Meher-Homji, Modeling and analysis of gas turbine performance deterioration, Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power, 116(1) (1994) 46-52.
[8] C.B. Meher-Homjid, GAS TURBINE PERFORMANCE DETERIORATION, in: 30th Turbomachinery Symposium. 2001., 2001, pp. 17-20.
[9] E. Syverud, Axial Compressor Performance Deterioration and Recovery through Online Washing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, 2007.
[10] I.S. Diakunchak, Performance deterioration in industrial gas turbines, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 114(2) (1992) 161-168.
[11] A. Razak, Industrial gas turbines: performance and operability, Elsevier, 2007.
[12] P.C. Escher, Pythia: An object-orientated gas path analysis computer program for general applications, Cranfield University, 1995.
[13] R. Kurz, K. Brun, Degradation in gas turbine systems,Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 123(1) (2001) 70-77.
[14] R. Kurz, K. Brun, C. Meher-Homji, J. Moore, Gas Turbine Performance and Maintenance, in: Proceedings of the Forty-First Turbomachinery Symposium,Turbomachinery Laboratory, Texas A&M University and Solar Turbines Incorporated, Houston, Texas, 2012.
[15] N. Aretakis, I. Roumeliotis, K. Mathioudakis, Performance Model ``Zooming'' for In-Depth Component Fault Diagnosis, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 133(3) (2011) 031602-031611.
[16] S.M.G. Sajjadi, R; Assadollahi Ghohieh, The effect of maximum thickness and surface roughness variability of blades on performance of axial compressor, Aerospace Mechanics, 9(1) (2013) 53-61.
[17] G.M. Chahar taghi M, Samaee nia A, Karrabi H, Numerical simulation of roughness effect on turbine performance with full cooling, Modares Mechanical Engineering, 13(13) (2014) 143-156.
[18] J.E. Yoon, J.J. Lee, T.S. Kim, J.L. Sohn, Analysis of performance deterioration of a micro gas turbine and the use of neural network for predicting deteriorated component characteristics, Journal of mechanical science and technology, 22(12) (2008) 2516-2525.
[19] E.E.B. Gomes, D. McCaffrey, M.J.M. Garces, A.L. Polizakis, P. Pilidis, Comparative Analysis of Microturbines Performance Deterioration and Diagnostics, in: GT2006 - ASME Turbo Expo 2006:Power for Land, Sea and Air, ASME, Barcelona, Spain,2006.
[20] M. Khoshnoud, Effect of Gas turbine components' deterioration on their performance, Amirkabir university of technology, 2014.
[21] F. Melino, M. Morini, A. Peretto, M. Pinelli, P.R. Spina, Compressor fouling modeling: relationship between computational roughness and gas turbine operation time, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,134(5) (2012) 052401.
[22] G. Eisenlohr, H. Krain, F.-A. Richter, V. Tiede,Investigations of the flow through a high pressure ratio centrifugal impeller, in: ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2002, pp. 649-657.
[23] Technology Characterization: Microturbines, Energy and Environmental Analysis, Arlington, Virginia, 2008.
[24] H. Cohen, G. Rogers, H. Saravanamuttoo, Gas turbine theory, 1996.
[25] T100 Detailed Specifications, in, Turbec, 2009.
[26] M.M. Majoumerd, H.N. Somehsaraei, M. Assadi, P.Breuhaus, Micro gas turbine configurations with carbon capture - Performance assessment using a validated thermodynamic model, Applied Thermal Engineering,(0) (2014).
[27] H. Saito, Micro gas turbine risks and market in: IMIA, Stokholm, 2003.
[28] P. Akbari, R. Nalim, N. Müller, Performance Enhancement of Microturbine Engines Topped With Wave Rotors, Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power, 128(1) (2006) 190-202.
[29] M.A.R. do Nascimento, L. de Oliveira Rodrigues, E.C.dos Santos, E.E.B. Gomes, F.L.G. Dias, E.I.G. Velásques,R.A.M. Carrillo, Micro Gas Turbine Engine: A Review,in, 2014.
[30] P1012 C600 600kW Power Package HP Natural Gas Capstone Turbine Corporation, 2010.
[31] 100 kW CHP Microturbine, in, Elliott Microturbines, 2005.
[32] F. Bozza, A. Pontecorvo, F. Reale, R. Tuccillo,ANALISI DEL FUNZIONAMENTO A REGIME ED IN TRANSITORIO DI UNA MICROTURBINA A GAS, in:60° Congresso Nazionale ATI, Roma, 2005.
[33] J. Kaikko, Performance prediction of gas turbines by solving a system of non-linear equations, Lappeenranta University of Technology, 1998.
[34] T. Alemu Lemma, B.M.H. Fakhruldin, R. Chalilullah, Generating gas turbine component maps relying on partially known overall system characteristics, Journal of Applied Sciences, 11(11) (2011) 1885-1894.
[35] F. Caresana, L. Pelagalli, G. Comodi, M. Renzi, Microturbogas cogeneration systems for distributed generation: Effects of ambient temperature on globalm performance and components’ behavior, Applied Energy,124 (2014) 17-27.
[36] V. Ganesan, Gas Turbines 3E, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2010.
[37] P.P. Walsh, P. Fletcher, Gas turbine performance, John Wiley & Sons, 2004.