امکان‎سنجی شکل‎دهی تدریجی تک‎نقطهای کانوپی هواپیما از ورق‎ پلی‎کربنات: تاثیر استراتژی مسیر و دوران ابزار بر دقت هندسی و شفافیت ظاهری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار دانشکده هوافضا، دانشگاه هوایی شهید ستاری

3 دانشکده هوافضا، دانشگاه هوایی شهید ستاری، تهران، ایران

چکیده

کانوپی به عنوان محافظ شفاف کابین خلبان، یکی از قطعات پلی‎مری راهبردی در صنایع هوایی است. فرآیندهای شکل‎ دهی سنتی در تولید تکی کانوپی‎ های پلی‎مریِ شفاف، به‎ علت مصرف بالای انرژی و هزینه ‎های زیاد ماشین آلات، تجهیزات و ابزار مقرون به صرفه نیستند. ورق‎ های پلی‎ کربنات با ویژگی‎ های مناسب مکانیکی، حرارتی، شیمیایی و اپتیکی در ساخت جدیدترین کانوپی‎ های یکپارچه مورد استفاده قرار می‎ گیرند. در این مقاله نمونه‎ سازی سریع هندسه‎ ای مشابه کانوپی‎ های یکپارچه هواپیما، به‎ کمک فرآیند شکل‎ دهی تدریجیِ ورق‎ه ای شفاف پلی‎ کربنات در مقیاس آزمایشگاهی بررسی می‎ شود. در آزمایش‎های شکل ‎دهی تدریجی تک نقطه ‎ای، تاثیر سرعت دورانی ابزار بر شفافیت ظاهری و تاثیر استراتژی مسیر ابزار بر دقت هندسی بررسی شد. سه استراتژی مسیر ابزار شامل استراتژی شطرنجی، مارپیچ از بیرون و استراتژی مارپیچ از داخل اعمال گردید. حرارت‎ دهی پساشکل ‎دهی در دمای حدود °C 55 به مدت min 30، با آزادسازی تنش‎های پسماندِ فرآیندی سبب کاهش 50 % در برگشت فنری شد. استفاده از ابزار غیر دوار و همچنین پولیش سطحیِ مکانیکی- شیمیایی سبب بهبود قابل ملاحظه‎ ای در پرداخت نهایی و شفافیت نمونه‎ ها گردید. همچنین انحراف هندسی برای استراتژی شطرنجی در دو راستای عمقی و شعاعی کمتر از mm 1 ایجاد شده که در محدوده مجاز پنجره فرآیندی شکل‎دهی تدریجی تک‌نقطه‎ ای قرار دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Feasibility study of single point incremental forming of aircraft canopy for polycarbonate sheet

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abozar Barimani Varandi 1
  • mohammad kazemi nasrabadi 2
  • Bahram Abedi Ravan 3
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Aerospace Engineering, Shahid Sattari University of Aeronautical Engineering, Tehran, Iran
3 Aerospace Engineering, Shahid Sattari University of Aeronautical Engineering, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The canopy as a clear cockpit protector is one of the strategic polymer parts in the aviation industry. Conventional forming processes aren't cost-effective for individual production of transparent polymer canopies due to high energy consumption and high costs of machinery, equipment, and tools. In this paper, rapid prototyping of geometry similar to integral canopies is investigated using an incremental forming process of transparent polycarbonate sheets on a laboratory scale. Polycarbonate sheets with suitable mechanical, thermal, chemical, and optical properties are used in the manufacturing of the latest integral canopies. In single point incremental forming experiments, effect of tool rotational velocity on apparent transparency and effect of toolpath strategy on geometric accuracy were investigated. Three toolpath strategies including raster, spiral from outside, and spiral from inside were applied. Post-forming heating at about 55°C for 30 min resulted in a 50% reduction in spring back by releasing process-induced residual stresses. The use of a non-rotating tool as well as a mechanical-chemical surface polishing improved the final finishing and transparency of samples. Additionally, the amount of deviation for the raster strategy in both depth and radial directions was less than 1 mm, which was within the allowable range of process window of single point incremental forming.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rapid prototyping
  • Aircraft canopy
  • Single point incremental forming
  • Polycarbonate sheet
  • Toolpath strategy

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نشریه مهندسی مکانیک امیرکبیر
دوره 53، شماره 4 (Special Issue)
تیر 1400
صفحه 2751-2768

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