The Effect of Non-Newtonian Behavior on the Transport of Low Density Lipoprotein Particles in the Vortex Region in the Human Carotid Artery

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

2 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Urmia University

3 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Urmia, Iran

4 Professor, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran

5 Faculty of Science & Technology, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK

Abstract

The common carotid artery is a large vessel which supplies oxygenated blood to the large front of the brain. The artery geometry is extracted from computed tomography angiography images of a healthy 20-year-old volunteer. ANSYS-Fluent commercial software is utilized to simulate the blood transient laminar flow in common, external and internal carotid arteries. In addition to the Newtonian viscosity model, two non-newtonian generalized power law and the modified Casson models have been selected for comparison. The quantitative and qualitative results include the distribution of the low density lipoprotein concentration, the wall shear stress and its fluctuations, and the volume and shape of the recirculation zone. Computations show that the low density lipoprotein Concentration estimated by non-Newtonian models is higher than by the Newtonian model. On the other hand, the carotid bulb and the beginning part of the external carotid artery, contain a large volume of the recirculation flow. Also, the low density lipoprotein particles concentration Comparison between the two modified Casson and Newtonian models in the common carotid artery zone shows the difference of about 12.5 percent. The results of this study show that the vortex region volume and shape are changed during the cardiac period cycle. The findings also reveal that Newtonian and non-Newtonian models present different results in predicting the flow parameters and secondary flow estimation.

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References

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Amirkabir Journal of Mechanical Engineering
Volume 53, Issue 9
December 2021
Pages 4789-4806

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