Meshless Method for Numerical Solution of Internal Flows with Axial Symmetry

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Faculty of Aerospace, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In this research, a meshless numerical method has been developed to solve internal and axisymmetric flows. In this method, the least squares of the Taylor series are used for spatial discretization and explicit multi-step Runge-Kutta method is used for temporal discretization. Governing equations are based on two-dimensional and symmetric Euler equations. The second and forth order artificial dissipation are used to solve the flows. In order to model boundary condition, subsonic and supersonic inlet and outlet boundary conditions as well as the wall boundary have been used according to the problem. To validate the results of the code, the inviscid flow inside a two-dimensional nozzle and the supersonic flow inside the channel along with bump have been simulated and the results have been compared with valid data. The simulation of the steady flow inside a axi-symmetric convergent-divergent supersonic nozzle with Mach 5 in outlet has been done to measure the accuracy of solving the numerical code at the hypersonic speed. The results show that the developed code can simulate steady internal and axi-symmetric flows with very good accuracy. The process of code convergence is also presented, which shows the appropriate convergence of the developed code. The analysis time for shock capturing in the axi-symmetric nozzle is about 64% faster than the Fluent software.

Keywords

Main Subjects


[1] J.S. Rhee, Development of Point Generation Technique for a Meshless Method, Master Thesis, Seoul National University, 2014.
[2] G.R. Liu, Y.T. Gu, An introduction to meshfree methods and their programming, Springer Science & Business Media, 2005.
[3] J. BATINA, A gridless Euler/Navier-Stokes solution algorithm for complex-aircraft applications, in:  31st Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 1993, pp. 333.
[4] S.M. Deshpande, V. Ramesh, K. Malagi, K. Arora, Least squares kinetic upwind mesh-free method, Defence Science Journal, 60(6) (2010).
[5] A. Katz, A. Jameson, Multicloud: Multigrid convergence with a meshless operator, Journal of Computational Physics, 228(14) (2009) 5237-5250.
[6] M. Hashemabadi, M. Hadidoolabi, An accurate and efficient gridless method based on implicit, fast, and constrained weights optimization schemes for compressible flows, Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 40(2) (2018) 1-17.
[7] M. Hashemi, A. Jahangirian, An efficient implicit mesh‐less method for compressible flow calculations, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 67(6) (2011) 754-770.
[8] H. Wang, J. Periaux, A fast meshless method coupled with artificial dissipation for solving 2D Euler equations, Computers & Fluids, 71 (2013) 83-90.
[9] M. Hashemabadi, M. Hadidoolabi, Efficient Gridless Method Using Constrained Weights Optimization for Two-Dimensional Unsteady Inviscid Flows at Low Angles of Attack, Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 30(5) (2017) 04017052.
[10] M. Hashemabadi, M. Hadidoolabi, Implicit second-order CUSP gridless method for unsteady moving boundary simulations, Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 74(4) (2017) 842-858.
[11] M. Hashemabadi, M. Hadidoolabi, Development of an implicit high order gridless method for inviscid compressible flows, Modares Mechanical Engineering, 15(5) (2015).
[12] E.K.-y. Chiu, Q. Wang, A. Jameson, A conservative meshless scheme: general order formulation and application to Euler equations, in:  AIAA 2011-651 49th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 2011.
[13] N. Zhan, R. Chen, Y. You, Meshfree method based on discrete gas-kinetic scheme to simulate incompressible/compressible flows, Physics of Fluids, 33(1) (2021) 017112.
[14] D. Sridar, N. Balakrishnan, An upwind finite difference scheme for meshless solvers, Journal of Computational Physics, 189(1) (2003) 1-29.
[15] Z.-h. Ma, H.-q. Cen, X.-j. Wu, A gridless-finite volume hybrid algorithm for Euler equations, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 19(4) (2006) 286-294.
[16] P.V. Tota, Z.J. Wang, Meshfree Euler solver using local radial basis functions for inviscid compressible flows, AIAA paper, 4581 (2007).
[17] M. Rammane, S. Mesmoudi, A. Tri, B. Braikat, N. Damil, A mesh-free approach for the simulation of incompressible flows, in:  MATEC Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, 2019, pp. 07003.
[18] K.B. Rana, B. Mavrič, R. Zahoor, B. Šarler, A meshless solution of the compressible viscous flow in axisymmetric tubes with varying cross-sections, Engineering analysis with boundary elements, 143 (2022) 340-352.
[19] H. Krishna, A New Edge-Based Meshless Scheme for High-Speed Inviscid and Viscous Flows, in:  Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations, Springer, 2021, pp. 527-537.
[20] S. Shahane, A. Radhakrishnan, S.P. Vanka, A high-order accurate meshless method for solution of incompressible fluid flow problems, Journal of Computational Physics, 445 (2021) 110623.
[21] S. Couturier, H. Sadat, A meshless method for the solution of incompressible flow equations, arXiv preprint arXiv:2103.02247,  (2021).
[22] A. Jameson, Analysis and design of numerical schemes for gas dynamics, 2: Artificial diffusion and discrete shock structure, International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics, 5(1-2) (1995) 1-38.
[23] K. Arora, N. Rajan, S. Deshpande, Weighted Least Squares Kinetic Upwind Method (WLSKUM) using Eigenvector Basis, in:  8th Annual Aesi CFD Symposium, 11th-13th August, 2005, pp. 135-155.
[24] J. Blazek, Computational fluid dynamics: principles and applications, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2015.
[25] M.L. Mason, The effect of throat contouring on two-dimensional converging-diverging nozzles at static conditions, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical …, 1980.
[26] Z. Ma, N. Emad, H. Chen, A Local Meshless Method for Solving Compressible Euler Equations, Space Research Journal, 1(1) (2008) 1-16.
[27] M. Hadidoolabi, S. Ghaemi Kashani, M. Hashemabadi, A. Tarabi, Design and Analysis of Closed-type Free Jet Test Section for Hypersonic Wind Tunnel, Tabriz University Mechanical Engineering Journal, 48(2) (2018) 105-112 (in Persian).
[28] M. Hadidoolabi, A. Yousefi, M. Hashemabadi, Hypersonic Wind Tunnel Diffusers Design Based on Numerical Analysis of Flow Field, Amirkabir Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 49(3) (2017) 457-470 (in Persian)