Optimal cooperative braking strategy design of regenerative and mechanical braking systems for in-wheel drive electric vehicles

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman

2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shahid Bahonar university of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

Abstract

Nowadays, a new generation of electric vehicles with in-wheel motor technology has been introduced and is being developed. Increasing system efficiency, eliminating mechanical intermediaries, and achieving regenerative braking torque with better performance are the motivations to seek to improve this technology. In the present study, a half-car model with five degrees of freedom has been developed by considering a vehicle equipped with two in-wheel motors on the rear axle as a sample vehicle. Then, the braking strategy has been designed using a two-stage nonlinear predictive controller. The appropriate pressure for the brake fluid lines will be reached in the first stage. In the second stage, the proper amount of electric regenerative torque is obtained using the electronic braking force distribution function and considering all constraints. The amount of regenerative torque is calculated by considering the system constraints using the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions. Finally, the designed strategy is examined from the perspective of vehicle mileage capability. The results show that optimal braking can be achieved by utilizing the designed controller and the proposed model. Also, the amount of regenerated energy to the battery can be increased during braking by using the proposed braking strategy and the designed control system in comparison with the relevant studies.

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References

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Amirkabir Journal of Mechanical Engineering
Volume 55, Issue 4
July 2023
Pages 433-460

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