Numerical study of the spread of toxic and hot fire gases in a multi-storey residential complex with and without sprinkler fire extinguishing system

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 tarbiat modares

2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

3 tarbiat modares university

Abstract

In this numerical study, the effect of the water_sprinkler system in controlling and extinguishing the fire in a multi-storey building was carried out using FDS_software. The geometry consists of a five_story_building with total of 25 units, the fire room is located in the third unit on the ground_floor, and the fuel_source is in the center of the room and is heptane type. In each room, the parameters of temperature and CO and CO2 were measured and the results were checked from the start of the combustion process up to 100 seconds for two cases of with_ and without_sprinklers. it was found that the numerical results of this study have a relative error of 8% with the experimental results. In addition, the temperature in the third room of the first_floor has reached 700 degrees Celsius (above critical conditions) within 100 seconds in the case of without_sprinklers; However, the extinguishing occurred in the fire room in less than 20 seconds using sprinkler. Such a behavior also happens to the toxic species of CO and CO2, so that they are in danger in all the upper floors of the fire room without_sprinklers. In a summary, taking into consideration the minimum, maximum and mean values of temperature and toxic species, can emphasize the importance of sprinkler in extinguishing fire in the fire_room and controlling toxic and hot_gases in rooms.

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Amirkabir Journal of Mechanical Engineering
Volume 55, Issue 11
February 2024
Pages 1-1

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