بررسی هیدرودینامیکی راکتور فاز گاز دو تکنولوژی‌‌ متفاوت پلی اتیلن در مقیاس صنعتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مرکز مهندسی و مدل سازی چند مقیاسی جریان سیال، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران

چکیده

راکتورهای بستر سیال گاز-جامد یکی از روش‌های متداول برای تولید پلی اتیلن سبک خطی است. کیفیت تماس دو فاز و اختلاط ذرات جامد در این‌گونه راکتورها تاثیر قابل ملاحضه‌ای بر روی واکنش پلیمریزاسیون دارد. در این پژوهش رفتار هیدرودینامیکی دو راکتور تحت لیسانس شرکت‌های بازل و میتسویی، با استفاده از دینامیک سیالات محاسباتی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور از مدل دو فازی با تئوری جنبشی جریان گرانولی استفاده شد. مدل ابتدا با استفاده از داده‌های آزمایشگاهی به صورت جامع اعتبار بخشی شد و سپس تحلیل دو راکتور صنعتی میتسویی و بازل صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد یکنواختی کسر حجمی فاز گاز که نشانگر کیفیت تماس دو فاز گاز و جامد است، در هر دو راکتور با فاصله گرفتن از کف بستر روند افزایشی داشته به‌طوری که در ارتفاع نرمال 0/96، همگنی فازها به بیشترین مقدار می‌رسد. در این ارتفاع ضریب تغییر راکتورهای بازل و میتسویی به ترتیب برابر  4/0و 3/1 درصد بوده و همچنین همگنی فازها در ارتفاعات مختلف در راکتور میتسویی همواره بیشتر از راکتور بازل است که این نشان از کیفیت تماس بالاتر دو فاز در این راکتور می‌باشد. علاوه بر این، میانگین زمانی سرعت محوری ذرات جامد نیز در ارتفاعات مختلف نشان داد که شدت حرکت ذرات جامد در راکتور بازل بالاتر است به طوری که در ارتفاع نرمال 0/72 سرعت محوری ذرات جامد در راکتور بازل تقریبا 2 متر بر ثانیه و در راکتور میتسویی تقریبا 1 متر بر ثانیه می‌باشد. با توجه به پارامتر سرعت محوری می‌توان گفت که کیفیت اختلاط ذرات جامد در راکتور بازل بیشتر از راکتور میتسویی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Hydrodynamic investigation of industrial gas-phase polyethylene reactors in two different technologies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Peyman Karimzadeh-Soureshjani
  • Hamidreza Norouzi
Center of Engineering and Multiscale Modeling of Fluid Flow (CEMF), Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Gas-solid fluidized bed reactors are among the common methods to produce linear low-density polyethylene. The contact quality between the two phases and the mixing of the solid particles in these reactors have significant impacts on the polymerization reaction. In this research, the hydrodynamic behaviour of two reactors licensed by Basell and Mitsui companies was investigated using computational fluid dynamics. Two-fluid model with the kinetic theory of granular flow was used. The model was first validated using experimental data, and then the analyses of the Mitsui and Basell industrial reactors were carried out. The results showed that the uniformity of the gas phase volume fraction, which indicates the quality of the gas-solid contact, increases with the distance from the bed bottom in both reactors so that at a normalized height of 0.96, the phase homogeneity reaches its maximum. At this height, the coefficient of variations of volume fraction in the Basell and Mitsui reactors are 0.4% and 1.3%, respectively, and the phase homogeneity in the Mitsui reactor is always higher than that in the Basell reactor at different heights, indicating a better contact between particles and gas. The time-averaged axial velocity of the solid particles at different heights showed that the intensity of solid particle movement is higher in the Basell reactor, so that at a normalized height of 0.72, the axial velocity of the solid particles in the Basell reactor is approximately 2 m/s, while it is approximately 1 m/s in the Mitsui reactor. Considering the axial velocity parameter, it can be concluded that the quality of solid particle mixing in the Basell reactor is higher than that in the Mitsui reactor.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Computational Fluid Dynamic
  • Ethylene Polymerization
  • Eulerian Modelling
  • Fluidized Bed Reactor
  • OpenFOAM
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